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UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY
WHAT
IS IT?
The diagnosis of
Unexplained Infertility is used when no cause for the infertility
can be found in either partner.
HOW COMMON IS THIS
CONDITION?
Up to 1 in 10 infertile couples.
WHAT IS NORMAL?
Sperm Count
At least 20
million per ml, 50% motile, 15% normal
If low, the test should be repeated.
Ovulation Tests
Ovulation status can be diagnosed by
a combination of tests.
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Temperature
Chart
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Ovulation can almost
always be detected by analysing the previous temperature charts.
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Blood Tests
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By having several blood tests each
week for a full cycle checks can be made on the level of progesterone
produced by the ovaries.
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Endometrial biopsy
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This is done by taking a small sample
from inside the womb to check whether the lining of the womb is "in
phase" with the time of the menstrual cycle. This test can be
done without an anaesthetic, or as part of a full curette.
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Fallopian Tube Tests.
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Hysterosalpingogram
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This X-Ray of the tubes
can determine whether the internal shape of the uterus is normal and
if the tubes are blocked.
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Laparoscopy
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This investigation, done under general
anaesthetic, allows the doctor to visualise the tubes, ovaries and other
pelvic structures.
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Hostility
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Post
Coital Test
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At the time of ovulation,
mucus is extracted from the cervix 4-12 hours after intercourse and
the activity of the sperm is assessed.
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Indirect Immumno
Bead Test (IIBT)
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Mucus and sperm are collected and
mixed with coated beads in the laboratory. If the the sperm are not
able to move properly and bind to the beads sperm antibodies are present.
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HAS ANYTHING BEEN
MISSED?
There are some rare conditions which
have been associated with unexplained infertility. However these do
not always cause infertility. The tests are also often time consuming
and expensive.
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Psychological Causes - (myth or reality?)
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Deficient Luteal Progesterone
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Mycoplasma infection
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Motility defects of Sperm
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Minimal Endometriosis
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Adhesions in the Uterus
HOW CAN THIS BE TREATED?
Try several treatments, in the hope that
one may work, (i.e. Shot-gun therapy) or GIFT.
WHAT IS THE CHANCE
OF PREGNANCY?
If this is the only abnormality found,
your chance of getting pregnant without treatment after 3 years is about
1 in 3, if you have never been pregnant before. With IVF-related treatments
your chances of getting pregnant may improve to 1 in 2, after 1 year.
This page was last updated on September 17, 2001
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